Overview of Canada’s Entry Requirements
Canada has established strict entry requirements to minimize the risk of COVID-19 transmission. These requirements apply to all travelers, regardless of their citizenship or vaccination status. While the rules for air travel and land travel are similar, there are some differences that are important to note. This article focuses specifically on the requirements for entering Canada by land.
COVID-19 Testing Requirements for Land Travel
As of the latest updates, all travelers entering Canada by land must provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test result. This requirement applies to both essential and non-essential travelers. The test must be taken within a specific timeframe before your arrival at the border. Below, we break down the key details of the testing requirements.
Accepted Types of COVID-19 Tests
Canada accepts two main types of COVID-19 tests for entry by land:
Molecular PCR Test: This is the most commonly accepted test for entry into Canada. PCR tests are highly accurate and are considered the gold standard for COVID-19 testing. The test detects the genetic material of the virus and is typically processed in a laboratory.
Rapid Antigen Test: Some rapid antigen tests are also accepted for entry into Canada, but only if they meet specific criteria. The test must be authorized by the country in which it was purchased and must be administered by a laboratory, healthcare entity, or telehealth service. Home-based rapid antigen tests are generally not accepted unless they are observed by a healthcare professional.
It is important to note that antibody tests, which detect past infections, are not accepted for entry into Canada.
Timing of the Test
The timing of your COVID-19 test is critical. For land travel, the test must be taken no more than 72 hours before your planned entry into Canada. This means that if you plan to cross the border on a Friday at 3:00 PM, your test must have been taken no earlier than Tuesday at 3:00 PM.
The 72-hour window is based on the time of the test, not the time you receive the results. Make sure to schedule your test accordingly to ensure that your results are valid when you arrive at the border.
Proof of Test Results
When entering Canada by land, you must present proof of your negative COVID-19 test result to the border officer. The test result must include the following information:
- Your full name and date of birth
- The name and address of the laboratory or healthcare facility that administered the test
- The date the test was taken
- The type of test conducted (e.g., PCR or rapid antigen)
- The test result (e.g., negative or not detected)
The test result must be in English, French, or accompanied by a certified translation. Digital copies of test results are generally accepted, but it is a good idea to carry a printed copy as a backup.
Exceptions to the Testing Requirement
While most travelers are required to provide a negative COVID-19 test result, there are some exceptions to this rule. Below are the main categories of travelers who may be exempt from the testing requirement:
Fully Vaccinated Travelers: As of October 2021, fully vaccinated travelers entering Canada by land are no longer required to provide a pre-entry COVID-19 test. However, you must meet all other entry requirements, including submitting your vaccination information through the ArriveCAN app.
Children Under 12: Children under the age of 12 are exempt from the testing requirement, regardless of their vaccination status. However, they must follow all other public health measures, such as quarantine and testing upon arrival.
Essential Workers: Certain essential workers, such as truck drivers and emergency service providers, may be exempt from the testing requirement. However, they must follow specific protocols and may be subject to random testing at the border.
Medical Exemptions: In rare cases, travelers with a medical condition that prevents them from taking a COVID-19 test may be exempt. You must provide documentation from a healthcare professional to support your exemption request.
ArriveCAN App
All travelers entering Canada by land must use the ArriveCAN app to submit their travel and health information. This includes details about your COVID-19 test results, vaccination status, and quarantine plan (if applicable). You must submit your information through the app within 72 hours before your arrival in Canada.
The ArriveCAN app is available for free on iOS and Android devices. After submitting your information, you will receive a receipt with a QR code. You must present this receipt to the border officer upon arrival. Failure to use the ArriveCAN app may result in delays or denial of entry.
Quarantine and Testing Upon Arrival
Even if you provide a negative COVID-19 test result, you may still be required to quarantine and undergo additional testing upon arrival in Canada. The specific requirements depend on your vaccination status and travel history.
Fully Vaccinated Travelers: Fully vaccinated travelers are not required to quarantine upon arrival. However, you may be selected for random testing at the border. If selected, you must take a COVID-19 test and follow the instructions provided by the testing provider.
Unvaccinated or Partially Vaccinated Travelers: If you are not fully vaccinated, you must quarantine for 14 days upon arrival in Canada. You will also be required to take a COVID-19 test on the day of your arrival and another test on day 8 of your quarantine.
Random Testing: Regardless of your vaccination status, you may be selected for random testing at the border. If selected, you must take a COVID-19 test and follow the instructions provided by the testing provider.
Tips for a Smooth Border Crossing
To ensure a smooth entry into Canada, follow these tips:
Plan Ahead: Schedule your COVID-19 test within the 72-hour window and ensure that you receive your results in time. Make sure to have all required documents, including your passport, test results, and ArriveCAN receipt.
Use ArriveCAN: Submit your travel and health information through the ArriveCAN app at least 72 hours before your arrival. Double-check that all information is accurate and complete.
Be Honest: When speaking with border officers, be honest about your travel history, vaccination status, and any symptoms you may be experiencing. Providing false information can result in penalties or denial of entry.
Prepare for Delays: Due to the additional health checks, you may experience delays at the border. Be patient and allow extra time for your journey.
Conclusion
Entering Canada by land during the COVID-19 pandemic requires careful planning and adherence to public health guidelines. By understanding the testing requirements, using the ArriveCAN app, and following the tips outlined in this article, you can ensure a smooth and stress-free border crossing. Remember that the rules may change as the situation evolves, so it is important to check the latest updates from the Government of Canada before your trip. Safe travels!
