The United Kingdom’s Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA), initially launched on November 15, 2023, for Qatari nationals, has been expanded to include additional nationalities since February 22, 2024. Two further rollouts are scheduled for January 8 and April 2, 2025, aimed at extending the scheme to all nationalities exempt from requiring a visit visa to enter the UK, with the exception of British and Irish nationals.
What is the ETA?
The ETA represents a significant step in the UK’s ongoing effort to digitalise its immigration system. It serves as a digital permit for visitors who do not require a visa for their stay and do not possess any form of valid UK immigration permission.
This digital authorisation is linked to the applicant’s passport and is intended for non-visa nationals visiting the UK for tourism or business purposes. Applicants must secure an ETA prior to travel, which is quick to obtain and valid for two years. Travelers will need to apply for a new ETA if they acquire a new passport.
Implications for Airlines
The implementation of the ETA introduces substantial changes for airlines. Previously, non-visa nationals traveling to the UK as visitors did not need to provide proof of valid travel permission. Now, airlines must ensure that passengers possess a valid ETA before they can board flights to the UK.
This change impacts the Authority to Carry Regulations, placing the responsibility on airlines to verify passengers’ ETA status. Non-compliance could result in financial penalties of up to £50,000, underscoring the need for thorough passenger checks.
For travelers accustomed to flying to the UK without prior applications, the new requirements may present a communication challenge. Given the potential penalties for airlines, there is a strong incentive to inform passengers about ETA requirements. Airlines may implement notifications during the booking process or send reminders post-booking to mitigate surprises at airport check-in.
Do Aircrew Members Need an ETA?
It’s crucial to note that an ETA is not required for individuals exempt from immigration control. Consequently, operating aircrew on most flights to and from the UK may not need to apply for an ETA. However, aircrew members must meet specific aircrew exemption criteria for each trip, which generally involves departing within seven days on the same or another aircraft.
While many operating aircrew are exempt from the ETA requirement, those in special circumstances—such as positioning, deadheading, or supernumerary roles—will still need to obtain an ETA. Therefore, depending on their assignments, some aircrew may be required to apply for a valid ETA, which remains effective for two years.
Moreover, the aircrew exemption does not apply to airport-based operational ground staff, such as engineers, station managers, or air travel assistants. These positions require appropriate UK immigration permission to work, as they cannot rely on the aircrew exemption for temporary employment in the UK.
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